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Election Integrity & Foreign Influence Database

The truth about elections, held to a single standard.

Elections documented, attacked, and defended — with proven falsification kept strictly apart from interference, propaganda, and mere anomaly. Every finding is tiered by the strength of its evidence.

Explore elections How we verify

45: elections
20: operations
210: sources

Database last updated August 5, 2026

Election spotlight

2023

SlovakiaParliamentaryHeld

Slovakia 2023 Parliamentary Election

Two days before the vote, during the mandatory 48-hour pre-election moratorium, an AI-generated audio deepfake impersonating Progressive Slovakia leader Michal Šimečka and a journalist — 'discussing' rigging the election — spread on Facebook. It was assessed as synthetic and denounced, but the moratorium timing and a platform policy that did not cover manipulated audio made rebuttal hard. Robert Fico's SMER-SD won; there is no way to measure whether the hoax moved votes, but it became a landmark case of synthetic media in an election.

Information operations

2 established · 2 not established

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Five categories, never conflated

The difference between these is the whole point. An attacked election is not the same as a falsified one.

Result falsification

The recorded numbers do not reflect the votes cast.

Process violations

Unequal media access, repression, illegal financing, vote buying, misuse of state resources.

Foreign interference

Cyberattacks, hack-and-leak, covert foreign financing, impersonation of media or institutions by a foreign state or proxy.

Information operations

Troll farms, fake local-media networks, covert political ads, coordinated inauthentic amplification — foreign or domestic.

Statistical anomalies

Patterns in the data worth examining — explicitly not proof of fraud.

A finding sits in exactly one category. Colors and icons carry the same meaning everywhere on the site.

From the case files

What was proven — and what was not

The clearest test of a trustworthy record is whether it can hold both statements at once.

Kenya 2017 Presidential Election and Fresh Election

What is established

Process violationsConfirmed
The 8 August presidential election failed the constitutional and legal standard for a transparent and verifiable result.
More detail
The Supreme Court held by majority that IEBC did not conduct the election in accordance with the Constitution and applicable law. Its orders invalidated the declared result, invalidated Kenyatta's declaration as president-elect and required a fresh election within 60 days. The ruling rested on the integrity of the process and results transmission, not on naming a different winner.
Sources:1
Process violationsCorroborated
The fresh election took place in a coercive, polarized environment with an opposition boycott, serious violence and no polling in 25 constituencies.
More detail
The Carter Center limited its deployment because of insecurity, recorded that opposition leader Raila Odinga boycotted the vote, and described violence concentrated in opposition-leaning areas. These conditions explain both the incomplete geographic polling and the collapse in turnout.
Sources:1 2

What is not established

Result falsificationContested
The annulment did not establish that Raila Odinga had received more votes than Uhuru Kenyatta.
More detail
The Court declared the election and Kenyatta's declaration invalid because the process did not satisfy constitutional and legal requirements. It did not substitute a corrected national tally or declare Odinga the numerical winner. Treating the judgment as proof of a reversed vote count goes beyond its orders.
Sources:1
Result falsificationDebunked
The legal challenges did not invalidate the 26 October fresh-election result.
More detail
The Supreme Court dismissed both consolidated petitions and expressly upheld the fresh presidential election and Kenyatta's election. This resolves the legal validity of the declared rerun result; it does not erase the documented boycott, violence or low participation.
Sources:1

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Method

Why you can trust this

No source, no claim. The same taxonomy and evidence bar applies to every country, party, and government — including Western democracies.

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Academy

Learn how elections actually work

How votes are counted and verified, why interference is not the same as fraud, and how to check a viral claim yourself.

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Updates

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